Network Topology Diagram

 Network Topology Diagrams

There are six network topology. Their diagrams are

1. Star Topology Diagram
Fig. Star Topology Diagram

2. Bus Topology Diagram
Fig. Bus Topology Diagram

3. Ring Topology Diagram
Fig. Ring Topology Diagram

4. Mesh Topology Diagram
Fig. Mesh Topology Diagram

5. Tree Topology Diagram
Fig. Tree Topology Diagram


6. Hybrid Topology Diagram
Fig. Hybrid Topology Diagram


Mesh Topology

What is Mesh Topology?

The mesh topology is the simplest logical topology in terms of data flow, but it is the most complex in terms of physical design. In this physical topology, each device is connected to every other device. This topology is rarely found in LANs, mainly because of the complexity of the cabling. 

Fig. Mesh Topology Network Diagram

If there are x computers, there will be (x × (x–1)) ÷ 2 cables in the network. For example, if you have five computers in a mesh network, it will use 5 × (5 – 1) ÷ 2, which equals 10 cables. This complexity is compounded when you add another workstation. For example, your five-computer, the 10-cable network will jump to 15 cables just by adding one more computer. Imagine how the person doing the cabling would feel if you told them you had to cable 50 computers in a mesh network—they’d have to come up with 50 × (50 – 1) ÷ 2 = 1225 cables!

Advantages and Disadvantages of Ring Topology

Advantages of Ring Topology


  • Ring Topology is easy to install
  • Easy to reconfigure 
  • New node addition is very easy only two connections are to be reconnected
  • Error detection and correction is simpler
  • Each computer has equal access to the network resources
  • No any central device needed to control the network
  • Each device is linked to only two of its neighbors. 


Fig. Ring Topology

Disadvantages of Ring Topology

  • Message travel in unidirectional Pattern
  • A message travel from each node so it take more time to reach to the destination
  • Limited numbers of nodes can be added in ring topology network
  • If any node from the network becomes disable the entire network will be disabled.



Ring Topology

What is Ring Topology?

In ring topology networks there exist a cycle between the nodes. Every node is connected to the two nodes and last one connected to the first node. 

Ring Topology Network
Fig. Ring Topology Diagram


Working of Ring Topology


  • In this a message travel from node to node. 
  • Sender node sends the message to the next connected node. 
  • Each node comes between sender and receiver will receive message, check, regenerate it and forward to the next neighbor node on opposite node of sending side. 
  • If any of the node goes down then the whole network will stop its working. 

Advantages and Disadvantages of Bus Topology.

Advantages of Bus Topology. 


  • Bus Topology is easy to install.
  • Less number of cable is used to build it.
  • Drop lines can be used of various lengths to connect nodes
  • Easy to troubleshoot
  • It use less cost as compared to other topology network
  • If any node get disconnect it does not affect the remaining network

Disadvantages of Bus Topology

  • It is used for less number of nodes
  • Its difficult to add new node because entire network has to reconstruct.
  • Signal quality degrades due to reflection
  • Fault in main bus stop all the transmission and noise created
  • Message broadcast to all the nodes so privacy is not available.

Bus Topology

What is Bus Topology?

Bus topology is the simplest topology. Every workstation is connected to a single cable. Message travels through the same medium that works as backbone of the network. Data and destination address travel on the same link. When any computer sends a message, it passes from the same cable. Each node in the network checks the message, if message has its address then node will accept the data otherwise will pass it to next node. It uses less number of cables because single wire passes through all the nodes.

How to design a Bus Topology Network?

Working of Bus Topology.

All the nodes of network are connected to the same bus or line. Drop lines and Taps are used to connect nodes to the bus. Drop line is a connection between bus and the node. Tap is a connector used to connect the node to the main line. It creates connection of node to the main metallic core of the bus. At both ends of the bus terminators are used. All the signals travel through the same bus, its some energy transforms to the heat. So signals become weaker as it travel farther and farther. So a limited number of nodes can be added to the bus. 



Bus Topology Networks
Fig. Bus Topology Diagram



Advantages and Disadvantages of Star Topology

Advantages of Star Topology


1. Reliability: Star topology is the most reliable network topology because it does not stop working due to disconnection of any node other than central Hub.
2. Implementation: Star topology has simplest design so its easy to design and implement star networks. It uses less number of cables. 
3. Manageability: Star topology is can be easily managed due to its simplest design. 
4. Performance: Star topology has simplest way of working. Message is sent directly destination through central hub. Hub does not broadcast message to all nodes. This technique speeds up the network performance. 
5. Scalability: New network components can be easily added in star topology. 
6. Centralized Management: Star topology is centrally managed. So its easy to monitor the network in star topology
7. Easy to troubleshot: If any node disconnects from this network the whole network does not disturb. Errors in communication can easily be detected in start topology.



Disadvantages of Star Topology

1. Star topology is costly because a separate cable is required for each node and central hub is also a costly device.
2. Star topology is managed by the central hub. In case if central device is damaged the whole network will be disturbed. Transmission will be stop.
3. Number of nodes can be added as per the capability of central hub.

Star Topology

What is Star Topology?   


Star topology is the simplest network topology. It is also known as the star network. In a star topology, all network nodes are directly connected with a central device. Central device may be a hub or switch. Central device is usually placed at any central location in the home or office. Star topology is the most popular than all topology due to its simplest structure. Star topology is easy to install and maintain. 
Fig, Star Topology Diagram

Working of Star Topology? 

In star topology a central hub is used, it can be switch or hub. All the nodes are connected to it. The Central hub maintains a routing table, which has information that which device is connected to which port of the hub. When any node wants to transmission in the network, it sends the message along with destination address. The central hub reads the message and address of the destination and sends a message to the receiver. It does not broadcast the message to all nodes. All the communication done through is the central hub. If any of node get disconnect from the network, it will not disturb the whole network but if central hub damaged then the whole transmission of the network will stop.









Introduction to Computer Networks

What is Computer Network?
When two or more computers connected together, they form a Computer Network. Networks built to share resources. Resources can be Hardware, Software, Memory, processing power etc.
OR

The computer network is the collection of all the devices that used in networking and software to run networks for the purpose to cooperate in working and exchange information.

What is Computer Network
Fig. Network

What is Networking?
Networking is the technique to build a computer network. It involves all the processes of designing, developing, upgrading, and managing a computer network. 
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